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Compare Equatorial Guinea (2004) - Malaysia (2001)

Compare Equatorial Guinea (2004) z Malaysia (2001)

 Equatorial Guinea (2004)Malaysia (2001)
 Equatorial GuineaMalaysia
Administrative divisions 7 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Annobon, Bioko Norte, Bioko Sur, Centro Sur, Kie-Ntem, Litoral, Wele-Nzas 13 states (negeri-negeri, singular - negeri) and 2 federal territories* (wilayah-wilayah persekutuan, singular - wilayah persekutuan); Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Labuan*, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Pulau Pinang, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor, Terengganu, Wilayah Persekutuan*

note:
the city of Kuala Lumpur is located within the federal territory of Wilayah Persekutuan; the terms therefore are not interchangeable; there may be a new federal territory named Putrajaya
Age structure 0-14 years: 42% (male 110,268; female 109,222)


15-64 years: 54.3% (male 136,370; female 147,431)


65 years and over: 3.8% (male 8,745; female 11,015) (2004 est.)
0-14 years:
34.5% (male 3,943,324; female 3,724,634)

15-64 years:
61.35% (male 6,828,670; female 6,808,623)

65 years and over:
4.15% (male 404,042; female 519,747) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products coffee, cocoa, rice, yams, cassava (tapioca), bananas, palm oil nuts; livestock; timber Peninsular Malaysia - rubber, palm oil, cocoa, rice; Sabah - subsistence crops, rubber, timber, coconuts, rice; Sarawak - rubber, pepper; timber
Airports 3 (2003 est.) 115 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


less than 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total:
33

over 3,047 m:
5

2,438 to 3,047 m:
4

1,524 to 2,437 m:
11

914 to 1,523 m:
6

under 914 m:
7 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total:
82

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
8

under 914 m:
73 (2000 est.)
Area total: 28,051 sq km


land: 28,051 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total:
329,750 sq km

land:
328,550 sq km

water:
1,200 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Maryland slightly larger than New Mexico
Background Equatorial Guinea gained independence in 1968 after 190 years of Spanish rule. This tiny country, composed of a mainland portion plus five inhabited islands, is one of the smallest on the African continent. President OBIANG NGUEM MBASOGO has ruled the country for over two decades since seizing power from his uncle, then President MACIAS, in a 1979 coup. Although nominally a constitutional democracy since 1991, the 1996 and 2002 presidential elections - as well as the 1999 legislative elections - were widely seen as being flawed. The president controls most opposition parties through the judicious use of patronage. Despite the country's economic windfall from oil production resulting in a massive increase in government revenue in recent years, there have been few improvements in the country's living standards. Malaysia was created in 1963 through the merging of Malaya (independent in 1957) and the former British Singapore, both of which formed West Malaysia, and Sabah and Sarawak in north Borneo, which composed East Malaysia. The first three years of independence were marred by hostilities with Indonesia. Singapore separated from the union in 1965.
Birth rate 36.56 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) 24.75 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $708.5 million


expenditures: $317.6 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)
revenues:
$16.4 billion

expenditures:
$17.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $43 billion (2000 est.)
Capital Malabo Kuala Lumpur
Climate tropical; always hot, humid tropical; annual southwest (April to October) and northeast (October to February) monsoons
Coastline 296 km 4,675 km (Peninsular Malaysia 2,068 km, East Malaysia 2,607 km)
Constitution approved by national referendum 17 November 1991; amended January 1995 31 August 1957, amended 16 September 1963
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Equatorial Guinea


conventional short form: Equatorial Guinea


local long form: Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial


local short form: Guinea Ecuatorial


former: Spanish Guinea
conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Malaysia

former:
Federation of Malaysia
Currency Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States ringgit (MYR)
Death rate 12.27 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) 5.2 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $248 million (2000 est.) $41.8 billion (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Equatorial Guinea (embassy closed September 1995); the US ambassador to Cameroon is accredited to Equatorial Guinea; the US State Department is considering opening a Consulate Agency in Malabo chief of mission:
Ambassador B. Lynn PASCOE

embassy:
376 Jalan Tun Razak, 50400 Kuala Lumpur

mailing address:
P. O. Box No. 10035, 50700 Kuala Lumpur; American Embassy Kuala Lumpur, APO AP 96535-8152

telephone:
[60] (3) 2168-5000

FAX:
[60] (3) 2168-4961
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Teodoro Biyogo NSUE


chancery: 2020 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009


telephone: [1] (202) 518-5700


FAX: [1] (202) 518-5252
chief of mission:
Ambassador GHAZZALI Sheikh Abdul Khalid

chancery:
2401 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 328-2700

FAX:
[1] (202) 483-7661

consulate(s) general:
Los Angeles and New York
Disputes - international in 2002, ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, but a dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River, imprecisely defined coordinates in the ICJ decision, and the unresolved Bakasi allocation contribute to the delay in implementation; creation of a maritime boundary in hydrocarbon-rich Corisco Bay with Gabon is hampered by dispute over Mbane Island, administered and occupied by Gabon since the 1970s involved in a complex dispute over the Spratly Islands with China, Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam, and possibly Brunei; Philippines have not fully revoked claim to Sabah State; Pulau Batu Putih (Pedra Branca Island) disputed with Singapore; Sipadan and Ligitan Islands in dispute with Indonesia
Economic aid - recipient $33.8 million (1995) -
Economy - overview The discovery and exploitation of large oil reserves have contributed to dramatic economic growth in recent years. Forestry, farming, and fishing are also major components of GDP. Subsistence farming predominates. Although pre-independence Equatorial Guinea counted on cocoa production for hard currency earnings, the neglect of the rural economy under successive regimes has diminished potential for agriculture-led growth (the government has stated its intention to reinvest some oil revenue into agriculture). A number of aid programs sponsored by the World Bank and the IMF have been cut off since 1993 because of corruption and mismanagement. No longer eligible for concessional financing because of large oil revenues, the government has been unsuccessfully trying to agree on a "shadow" fiscal management program with the World Bank and IMF. Businesses, for the most part, are owned by government officials and their family members. Undeveloped natural resources include titanium, iron ore, manganese, uranium, and alluvial gold. Growth will remain strong in 2004, led by oil. GDP grew at 8.6% in 2000, mainly on the strength of double-digit export growth and continued government fiscal stimulus. As an oil exporter, Malaysia also benefited from higher petroleum prices. Higher export revenues allowed the country to register a current account surplus, but foreign exchange reserves have been declining - from a peak of $34.5 billion in April 2000 to $29.7 billion by December - as foreign investors pulled money out of the country. Despite this development, Kuala Lumpur is unlikely to abandon its currency peg soon. An economic slowdown in key Western markets, especially the United States, and lower world demand for electronics products will slow GDP growth to 3%-6% in 2001, according to private forecasters. Over the longer term, Malaysia's failure to make substantial progress on key reforms of the corporate and financial sectors clouds prospects for sustained growth and the return of critical foreign investment.
Electricity - consumption 21.91 million kWh (2001) 54.872 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) 50 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) 11 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 23.56 million kWh (2001) 59.044 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
91.61%

hydro:
8.39%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Pico Basile 3,008 m
lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Gunung Kinabalu 4,100 m
Environment - current issues tap water is not potable; deforestation air pollution from industrial and vehicular emissions; water pollution from raw sewage; deforestation; smoke/haze from Indonesian forest fires
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups Bioko (primarily Bubi, some Fernandinos), Rio Muni (primarily Fang), Europeans less than 1,000, mostly Spanish Malay and other indigenous 58%, Chinese 27%, Indian 8%, others 7% (2000)
Exchange rates Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 581.2 (2003), 696.988 (2002), 733.039 (2001), 711.976 (2000), 615.699 (1999) ringgits per US dollar - 3.8000 (January 2001), 3.8000 (2000), 3.8000 (1999), 3.9244 (1998), 2.8133 (1997), 2.5159 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: President Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO (since 3 August 1979 when he seized power in a military coup)


head of government: Prime Minister Miguel Abia BITEO BORICO (since 14 June 2004); First Deputy Prime Minister Miguel OYONO NDONG (since NA January 1998); Deputy Prime Minister Demetrio Elo NDONG NZE FUMU (since NA January 1998)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 15 December 2002 (next to be held NA December 2009); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president


election results: Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO reelected president; percent of vote - Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO 97.1%, Celestino Bonifacio BACALE 2.2%; elections marred by widespread fraud
chief of state:
Paramount Ruler Sultan TUNKU SALAHUDDIN Abdul Aziz Shah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Hisammuddin Alam Shah (since 26 April 1999); Deputy Paramount Ruler Sultan MIZAN Zainal Abidin ibni A-Marhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah

head of government:
Prime Minister Dr. MAHATHIR bin Mohamad (since 16 July 1981); Deputy Prime Minister ABDULLAH bin Ahmad Badawi (since 8 January 1999)

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among the members of Parliament with consent of the paramount ruler

elections:
paramount ruler and deputy paramount ruler elected by and from the hereditary rulers of nine of the states for five-year terms; election last held 27 February 1999 (next to be held NA 2004); prime minister designated from among the members of the House of Representatives; following legislative elections, the leader of the party that wins a plurality of seats in the House of Representatives becomes prime minister

election results:
Sultan TUNKU SALAHUDDIN Abdul Aziz Shah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Hisammuddin Alam Shah elected paramount ruler; Sultan MIZAN Zainal Abidin ibni A-Marhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah elected deputy paramount ruler
Exports NA (2001) $97.9 billion (2000 est.)
Exports - commodities petroleum, methanol, timber, cocoa electronic equipment, petroleum and liquefied natural gas, chemicals, palm oil, wood and wood products, rubber, textiles
Exports - partners US 33.6%, Spain 25.8%, China 14.4%, Canada 11.8%, Italy 6.4% (2003) US 21%, Singapore 18%, Japan 13%, Hong Kong 5%, Netherlands 4%, Taiwan 4%, Thailand 3% (2000 est.)
Fiscal year 1 January - 31 December calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side and the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms has six yellow six-pointed stars (representing the mainland and five offshore islands) above a gray shield bearing a silk-cotton tree and below which is a scroll with the motto UNIDAD, PAZ, JUSTICIA (Unity, Peace, Justice) 14 equal horizontal stripes of red (top) alternating with white (bottom); there is a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing a yellow crescent and a yellow fourteen-pointed star; the crescent and the star are traditional symbols of Islam; the design was based on the flag of the US
GDP purchasing power parity - $1.27 billion (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $223.7 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 20%


industry: 60%


services: 2.4% (2003 est.)
agriculture:
14%

industry:
44%

services:
42% (2000)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $2,700 (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $10,300 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 20% (2002 est.) 8.6% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 2 00 N, 10 00 E 2 30 N, 112 30 E
Geography - note insular and continental regions rather widely separated strategic location along Strait of Malacca and southern South China Sea
Heliports - 1 (2000 est.)
Highways total: 2,880 km (1999 est.) total:
64,672 km

paved:
48,707 km (including 1,192 km of expressways)

unpaved:
15,965 km

note:
in addition to these national and main regional roads, Malaysia has thousands of kilometers of local roads that are maintained by local jurisdictions (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
lowest 10%:
1.4%

highest 10%:
20.4% (1997 est.)
Illicit drugs - transit point for some illicit drugs; drug trafficking prosecuted vigorously and carries severe penalties
Imports NA (2001) $82.6 billion (2000 est.)
Imports - commodities petroleum sector equipment, other equipment machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food, fuel and lubricants
Imports - partners US 30.6%, UK 16%, France 15.1%, Cote d'Ivoire 11.9%, Spain 8.1%, Norway 5.9%, Italy 5.3% (2003) Japan 21%, US 17%, Singapore 14%, Taiwan 6%, South Korea 5%, Thailand 4%, China 4% (2000 est.)
Independence 12 October 1968 (from Spain) 31 August 1957 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate 30% (2002 est.) 12.1% (2000 est.)
Industries petroleum, fishing, sawmilling, natural gas Peninsular Malaysia - rubber and oil palm processing and manufacturing, light manufacturing industry, electronics, tin mining and smelting, logging and processing timber; Sabah - logging, petroleum production; Sarawak - agriculture processing, petroleum production and refining, logging
Infant mortality rate total: 87.08 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 93.27 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 80.71 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
20.31 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 6% (2003 est.) 1.7% (2000)
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO, WTrO (observer) APEC, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, BIS, C, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNTAET, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 7 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km 2,941 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Tribunal Federal Court (judges appointed by the paramount ruler on the advice of the prime minister)
Labor force NA (October 2000) 9.6 million (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - local trade and tourism 28%, manufacturing 27%, agriculture, forestry, and fisheries 16%, services 10%, government 10%, construction 9% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries total: 539 km


border countries: Cameroon 189 km, Gabon 350 km
total:
2,669 km

border countries:
Brunei 381 km, Indonesia 1,782 km, Thailand 506 km
Land use arable land: 4.63%


permanent crops: 3.57%


other: 91.8% (2001)
arable land:
3%

permanent crops:
12%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
68%

other:
17% (1993 est.)
Languages Spanish (official), French (official), pidgin English, Fang, Bubi, Ibo Bahasa Melayu (official), English, Chinese dialects (Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka, Hainan, Foochow), Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Panjabi, Thai; note - in addition, in East Malaysia several indigenous languages are spoken, the largest of which are Iban and Kadazan
Legal system partly based on Spanish civil law and tribal custom based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court at request of supreme head of the federation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral House of People's Representatives or Camara de Representantes del Pueblo (80 seats; members directly elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 7 March 1999 (next to be held 24 April 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - PDGE 80%, UP 6%, CPDS 5%; seats by party - PDGE 75, UP 4 and CPDS 1


note: Parliament has little power since the constitution vests all executive authority in the president
bicameral Parliament or Parlimen consists of nonelected Senate or Dewan Negara (69 seats; 43 appointed by the paramount ruler, 26 appointed by the state legislatures) and the House of Representatives or Dewan Rakyat (193 seats; members elected by popular vote weighted toward the rural Malay population to serve five-year terms)

elections:
House of Representatives - last held 29 November 1999 (next must be held by 20 December 2004)

election results:
House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NF 56%, other 44%; seats by party - NF 148, PAS 27, DAP 10, NJP 5, PBS 3
Life expectancy at birth total population: 55.15 years


male: 53 years


female: 57.36 years (2004 est.)
total population:
71.11 years

male:
68.48 years

female:
73.92 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 85.7%


male: 93.3%


female: 78.4% (2003 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
83.5%

male:
89.1%

female:
78.1% (1995 est.)
Location Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Cameroon and Gabon Southeastern Asia, peninsula and northern one-third of the island of Borneo, bordering Indonesia and the South China Sea, south of Vietnam
Map references Africa Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation; specified boundary in the South China Sea

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 6,556 GRT/9,704 DWT


by type: cargo 2, passenger/cargo 1


registered in other countries: 1 (2004 est.)
total:
362 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,103,657 GRT/7,574,999 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 62, cargo 110, chemical tanker 35, container 60, liquefied gas 20, livestock carrier 1, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 58, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 6, specialized tanker 1, vehicle carrier 6 (2000 est.)
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force, Rapid Intervention Force Malaysian Army, Royal Malaysian Navy, Royal Malaysian Air Force, Royal Malaysian Police Force, Marine Police, Sarawak Border Scouts
Military expenditures - dollar figure $75.1 million (2003) $1.69 billion (FY00 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 2.5% (2003) 2.03% (FY00)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 120,463 (2004 est.) males age 15-49:
5,800,456 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 61,084 (2004 est.) males age 15-49:
3,514,023 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 21 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
196,042 (2001 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 12 October (1968) Independence Day/Malaysia Day, 31 August (1957)
Nationality noun: Equatorial Guinean(s) or Equatoguinean(s)


adjective: Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean
noun:
Malaysian(s)

adjective:
Malaysian
Natural hazards violent windstorms, flash floods flooding, landslides
Natural resources oil, petroleum, timber, small unexploited deposits of gold, manganese, uranium, titanium, iron ore tin, petroleum, timber, copper, iron ore, natural gas, bauxite
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)

note:
does not reflect net flow of an unknown number of illegal immigrants from other countries in the region
Pipelines condensate 37 km; gas 39 km; liquid natural gas 4 km; oil 24 km (2004) crude oil 1,307 km; natural gas 379 km
Political parties and leaders Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS [Placido MIKO Abogo]; Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE (ruling party) [Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO]; Party for Progress of Equatorial Guinea or PPGE [Severo MOTO]; Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE [Miguel Esono EMAN]; Popular Union or UP [Andres Moises Bda ADA]; Progressive Democratic Alliance or ADP [Victorino Bolekia BONAY]; Union of Independent Democrats of UDI [Daniel OYONO] Alternative Coalition or Barisan Alternatif-BA (includes the following parties: Party Islam Se-Malaysia or PAS [FADZIL Mohamad Noor], National Justice Party or NJP [WAN AZIZAH Wan Ismail], Democratic Action Party or DAP [LIM Kit Siang], and Malaysian People's Party or PRM [SYED HUSIN]); National Front or NF (ruling coalition dominated by the United Malays National Organization or UMNO [MAHATHIR bin Mohammad], includes the following parties: Malaysian Indian Congress or MIC [S. Samy VELLU], Malaysian Chinese Association or MCA [LING Liong Sik], Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia or Gerakan [LIM Keng Yaik], Parti Pesaka Bumiputra Bersatu or PBB [Patinggi Haji Abdul TAIB Mahmud], Parti Angkatan Keadilan Rakyat Bersatu or Akar [PANDIKAR Amin Mulia], Parti Bangsa Dayak Sarawak or PBDS [Leo MOGGIE], Sarawak United People's Party or SUPP [George CHAN Hong Nam], Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [CHONG Kah Kiat], Sabah Progressive Party or SAPP [YONG Teck Lee], People's Progressive Party or PPP [M. KAYVEAS], Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah or PBRS [Joseph KURUP], Sarawak National Party or SNAP [Amar James WONG], Parti Demokratik Sabah or PDS [leader NA], and United Pasok Momogun Kadazan Organization or UPKO (state level only) [Bernard DOMPOK]); Parti Bersatu Sabah or PBS [Joseph PAIRIN Kitingan]; Parti Bersekutu [HARRIS Salleh]; State Reform Party of Sarawak or STAR [PATAU Rubis]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 523,051 (July 2004 est.) 22,229,040 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA 6.8% (1997 est.)
Population growth rate 2.43% (2004 est.) 1.96% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Bata, Luba, Malabo Bintulu, Kota Kinabalu, Kuantan, Kuching, Kudat, Labuan, Lahad Datu, Lumut, Miri, Pasir Gudang, Penang, Port Dickson, Port Kelang, Sandakan, Sibu, Tanjung Berhala, Tanjung Kidurong, Tawau
Radio broadcast stations AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 5 (2002) AM 56, FM 31 (plus 13 repeater stations), shortwave 5 (1999)
Radios - 10.9 million (1999)
Railways - total:
1,801 km

narrow gauge:
1,801 km 1.000-m gauge (148 km electrified) (2000)
Religions nominally Christian and predominantly Roman Catholic, pagan practices Islam, Buddhism, Daoism, Hinduism, Christianity, Sikhism; note - in addition, Shamanism is practiced in East Malaysia
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female


total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
at birth:
1.07 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.78 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal adult 21 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: poor system with adequate government services


domestic: NA


international: country code - 240; international communications from Bata and Malabo to African and European countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
general assessment:
modern system; international service excellent

domestic:
good intercity service provided on Peninsular Malaysia mainly by microwave radio relay; adequate intercity microwave radio relay network between Sabah and Sarawak via Brunei; domestic satellite system with 2 earth stations

international:
submarine cables to India, Hong Kong, and Singapore; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean) (2001)
Telephones - main lines in use 9,600 (2003) 4.5 million (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular 41,500 (2003) 2.698 million (1999)
Television broadcast stations 1 (2002) 27 (plus 15 high-power repeaters) (1999)
Terrain coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic coastal plains rising to hills and mountains
Total fertility rate 4.68 children born/woman (2004 est.) 3.24 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 30% (1998 est.) 2.8% (2000 est.)
Waterways - 7,296 km

note:
Peninsular Malaysia 3,209 km, Sabah 1,569 km, Sarawak 2,518 km
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